The Ahilya Asthan site has been a place of worship for over a millennium. The current temple structure was rebuilt in the 19th century under the patronage of the Oinwar dynasty of Darbhanga, who were major patrons of Maithili culture and Hindu temples in the Mithila region. The Maharajas of Darbhanga, a line of wealthy Brahmin zamindars, maintained the temple and organized annual festivals.
The site is mentioned in the 14th-century text Vidyapati's Purusha Pariksha, which places the Ahilya legend in the Mithila region. Traditionally, the temple was part of a broader network of Gautam and Ahilya-related sites across Bihar that are linked through folk narratives distinct from the Valmiki Ramayana's version of the story.
